Battery charge aware communications

ABSTRACT

A system and method for conducting battery charge aware communications is disclosed. A system receives a content request from a client device, wherein the content request indicates one or more content items. The system retrieves the one or more requested content items from a content database at the system. The system determines whether the content request includes current remaining battery power data for the client device. In response to determining that the content request includes the current remaining battery power data for the client device, the system determines whether a current remaining battery power is below a predetermined threshold. In response to determining that the current remaining battery power is below the predetermined threshold, the system analyzes the one or more requested content items to determine core content sections. The system transmits the determined core content sections to the client device.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to wirelesscommunication and, more particularly, but not by way of limitation, tobattery charge aware communications

BACKGROUND

The rise in electronic and digital device technology has rapidly changedthe way society interacts with media and consumes goods and services.Digital technology enables a variety of consumer devices to be availablethat are very flexible and relatively cheap. Specifically, modernelectronic devices, such as smart phones and tablets, allow a user tohave access to a variety of useful applications even when away from atraditional computer. One useful application is the providing oflocation-based services using a position-locating module to determinewhen a user crosses a boundary or is near a place of interest.

However, as electronic devices are used for more purposes, battery poweris increasingly important. As such, conserving battery power is a keychallenge that is faced by all parties in the mobile electronic devicessector.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various ones of the appended drawings merely illustrate exampleembodiments of the present disclosure and cannot be considered aslimiting its scope.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a networked system, according tosome example embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram further illustrating the client device of FIG.1, in accordance with some example embodiments.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram further illustrating the server system of FIG.1, in accordance with some example embodiments.

FIG. 4 depicts a block diagram of an exemplary data structure for acontent item request, in accordance with some example embodiments.

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating a method, in accordance with someexample embodiments, for optimizing communications based on batterypower of a client device.

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating a method, in accordance with someexample embodiments, for requesting content items from a server systemwhile including current remaining battery power data to customizeservice.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method, in accordance with someexample embodiments, for optimizing communications based on batterypower of a client device.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a softwarearchitecture that may be installed on a machine, according to someexample embodiments.

FIG. 9 illustrates a diagrammatic representation of a machine in theform of a computer system within which a set of instructions may beexecuted for causing the machine to perform any one or more of themethodologies discussed herein, according to an example embodiment.

The headings provided herein are merely for convenience and do notnecessarily affect the scope or meaning of the terms used.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The description that follows includes systems, methods, techniques,instruction sequences, and computing machine program products thatembody illustrative embodiments of the disclosure. In the followingdescription, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific detailsare set forth in order to provide an understanding of variousembodiments of the inventive subject matter. It will be evident,however, to those skilled in the art, that embodiments of the inventivesubject matter may be practiced without these specific details. Ingeneral, well-known instruction instances, protocols, structures, andtechniques are not necessarily shown in detail.

As electronic devices shrink in size and grow in function, the effectivebattery life of each device has limits in attractiveness to consumers.As such, efforts to extend effective battery life have been key todeveloping new electronic devices. Hardware developers develop smallerand more efficient batteries, and software developers develop programsthat efficiently use the existing hardware (and battery) moreefficiently.

In some example embodiments, battery life can also be extended byoptimizations at the server system. In some example embodiments, aserver system receives a content item request from a client device. Insome example embodiments, the content item request identifies one ormore content items stored in a database associated with the serversystem.

In some example embodiments, the server system determines whether thecontent item request includes current remaining battery power data forthe requesting client device. In accordance with a determination thatthe content item request does not include current remaining batterypower data for the requesting client device, the server system transmitsthe requested content items to the client device.

In some example embodiments, in accordance with a determination that thecontent item request includes current remaining battery power data forthe requesting client device, the server system determines whether thecurrent remaining battery power data indicates a remaining battery powerbelow a predetermined threshold value. For example, if the predeterminedthreshold value is 10%, the server system determines whether theremaining battery power is below 10% of the maximum battery power.

In some example embodiments, in accordance with a determination that thecurrent remaining battery power data indicates current remaining batterypower below the threshold value, the server system analyzes therequested content items to determine, for each requested content item(if there are more than one), one or more core content sections of thecontent item. A core content section is the portion or portions of thecontent that are the most central to the content. In some exampleembodiments, core content sections include a lower resolution or framerate version of the content item. In some example embodiments, thecreator of the content item designates which portions of the contentitem are the core content sections. In other example embodiments, theserver system uses content analysis rules to automatically determine thecore content sections of a given content item.

In some example embodiments, once the core content sections of a givencontent item are determined, the server system transmits them to therequesting client device. By sending only the core content sections, theserver system reduces the amount of battery power needed to receive andpresent the requested content item.

With reference to FIG. 1, an example embodiment of a high-levelclient-server-based network architecture 100 is shown. A server system120, in the example forms of a network-based marketplace or paymentsystem, provides server-side functionality via a network 104 (e.g., theInternet or wide area network (WAN)) to one or more client device 102.FIG. 1 illustrates, for example, a web client 112 (e.g., a browser, suchas the Internet Explorer® browser developed by Microsoft® Corporation ofRedmond, Wash. State), client application(s) 114, and a programmaticclient 116 executing on client device 102.

The client device 102 may comprise, but is not limited to, a mobilephone, laptop, portable digital assistant (PDA), smart phone, tablet,ultra book, netbook, laptop, multi-processor system,microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, game console,set-top box, or any other communication device that a user, such as user106, may utilize to access the server system 120. In some embodiments,the client device 102 may comprise a display module (not shown) todisplay information (e.g., in the form of user interfaces). In furtherembodiments, the client device 102 may comprise one or more of a touchscreen, accelerometer, gyroscope, camera, microphone, global positioningsystem (GPS) device, and so forth. The client device 102 may be a deviceof a user 106 that is used to perform a transaction involving digitalitems within the server system 120. In one embodiment, the server system120 is a network-based marketplace that responds to requests for productlistings, publishes publications comprising item listings of productsavailable on the network-based marketplace, and manages payments forthese marketplace transactions. One or more users 106 may be a person, amachine, or other means of interacting with the client device 102. Inembodiments, the user 106 is not part of the network architecture 100,but may interact with the network architecture 100 via the client device102 or another means. For example, one or more portions of the network104 may be an ad hoc network, an intranet, an extranet, a virtualprivate network (VPN), a local area network (LAN), a wireless LAN(WLAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless WAN (WWAN), a metropolitanarea network (MAN), a portion of the Internet, a portion of the PublicSwitched Telephone Network (PSTN), a cellular telephone network, awireless network, a WiFi network, a WiMax network, another type ofnetwork, or a combination of two or more such networks.

Each client device 102 may include one or more applications (alsoreferred to as “apps”) such as, but not limited to, a web browser,messaging application, electronic mail (email) application, ane-commerce site application (also referred to as a marketplaceapplication), and the like. In some embodiments, if the e-commerce siteapplication is included in a given client device 102, then thisapplication is configured to locally provide the user interface and atleast some of the functionalities with the application configured tocommunicate with the server system 120, on an as needed basis, for dataand/or processing capabilities not locally available (e.g., access to adatabase of items available for sale, to authenticate a user, to verifya method of payment, etc.). Conversely if the e-commerce siteapplication is not included in the client device 102, the client device102 may use its web browser to access the e-commerce site (or a variantthereof) hosted on the server system 120.

One or more users 106 may be a person, a machine, or other means ofinteracting with the client device 102. In example embodiments, the user106 is not part of the network architecture 100, but may interact withthe network architecture 100 via the client device 102 or other means.For instance, the user 106 provides input (e.g., touch screen input oralphanumeric input) to the client device 102 and the input iscommunicated to the server system 120 via the network 104. In thisinstance, the server system 120, in response to receiving the input fromthe user 106, communicates information to the client device 102 via thenetwork 104 to be presented to the user 106. In this way, the user 106can interact with the server system 120 using the client device 102.

An application program interface (API) server 128 and a web server 122are coupled to, and provide programmatic and web interfaces respectivelyto, one or more application server 140. The application server(s) 140may host one or more publication system 142 and payment system 144, eachof which may comprise one or more modules or applications and each ofwhich may be embodied as hardware, software, firmware, or anycombination thereof. The application server(s) 140 are, in turn, shownto be coupled to one or more database server 124 that facilitates accessto one or more information storage repositories or database(s) 126. Inan example embodiment, the database(s) 126 are storage devices thatstore information to be posted (e.g., publications or listings) to thepublication system(s) 142. The database(s) 126 may also store digitalitem information in accordance with example embodiments.

Additionally, a third party application 132, executing on third partyserver(s) 130, is shown as having programmatic access to the serversystem 120 via the programmatic interface provided by the API server128. For example, the third party application 132, utilizing informationretrieved from the server system 120, supports one or more features orfunctions on a website hosted by the third party. The third partywebsite, for example, provides one or more promotional, marketplace, orpayment functions that are supported by the relevant applications of theserver system 120.

The publication system(s) 142 may provide a number of publicationfunctions and services to users 106 that access the server system 120.The payment system(s) 144 may likewise provide a number of functions toperform or facilitate payments and transactions. While the publicationsystem(s) 142 and payment system(s) 144 are shown in FIG. 1 to both formpart of the server system 120, it will be appreciated that, inalternative embodiments, each system 142 and 144 may form part of apayment service that is separate and distinct from the server system120. In some embodiments, the payment system(s) 144 may form part of thepublication system(s) 142.

In some example embodiments, the customization system 150 providesfunctionality operable to optimize requested content based on theavailable battery power at the requesting client device. For example,the customization system 150 receives content item requests and accessesthe indicated content items from the database(s) 126, the third partyserver(s) 130, the publication system(s) 142, and other sources. In someexample embodiments, the customization system 150 analyzes the user datato perform personalization of user preferences. As more content is addedto a user profile, the customization system 150 further refines thecustomization.

In some example embodiments, the customization system 150 receives acontent item request from a client device 102. In response, thecustomization system 150 determines whether the content request includescurrent remaining battery power data for the client device 102. If so,the customization system 150 then determines if the current batterypower is below the threshold level.

In some example embodiments, in accordance with a determination that thecurrent remaining battery power data indicates remaining battery powerbelow the threshold level, the customization system 150 analyzes therequested content item(s) to determine one or more core content items.Once the core content sections have been identified, the customizationsystem 150 generates customized versions of the requested content itemsthat included only the core content sections. The customized versions ofthe requested content item are then transmitted to the requesting clientdevice 102.

Further, while the client-server-based network architecture 100 shown inFIG. 1 employs a client-server architecture, the present inventivesubject matter is of course not limited to such an architecture, andcould equally well find application in a distributed, or peer-to-peer,architecture system, for example. The various publication system(s) 142,payment system(s) 144, and customization system 150 could also beimplemented as standalone software programs, which do not necessarilyhave networking capabilities.

The web client 112 may access the various publication and paymentsystems 142 and 144 via the web interface supported by the web server122. Similarly, the programmatic client 116 accesses the variousservices and functions provided by the publication and payment systems142 and 144 via the programmatic interface provided by the API server128. The programmatic client 116 may, for example, be a sellerapplication (e.g., the Turbo Lister application developed by eBay® Inc.,of San Jose, Calif.) to enable sellers to author and manage listings onthe server system 120 in an off-line manner, and to perform batch-modecommunications between the programmatic client 116 and the server system120.

Additionally, a third party application(s) 132, executing on a thirdparty server(s) 130, is shown as having programmatic access to theserver system 120 via the programmatic interface provided by the APIserver 128. For example, the third party application 132, utilizinginformation retrieved from the server system 120, may support one ormore features or functions on a website hosted by the third party. Thethird party website may, for example, provide one or more promotional,marketplace, or payment functions that are supported by the relevantapplications of the server system 120.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram further illustrating the client device 102, inaccordance with some example embodiments. The client device 102typically includes one or more central processing unit (CPU) 202, one ormore network interface 210, memory 212, and one or more communicationbus 214 for interconnecting these components. The client device 102includes a user interface 204. The user interface 204 includes a displaydevice 206 and optionally includes an input means such as a keyboard,mouse, a touch sensitive display, or other input buttons 208.Furthermore, some client devices 102 use a microphone and voicerecognition to supplement or replace the keyboard.

Memory 212 includes high-speed random access memory, such as dynamicrandom-access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), doubledata rate random access memory (DDR RAM) or other random access solidstate memory devices; and may include non-volatile memory, such as oneor more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices,flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices.Memory 212 may optionally include one or more storage devices remotelylocated from the CPU(s) 202. Memory 212, or alternately, thenon-volatile memory device(s) within memory 212, comprise(s) anon-transitory computer-readable storage medium.

In some example embodiments, memory 212, or the computer-readablestorage medium of memory 212, stores the following programs, modules,and data structures, or a subset thereof:

-   -   an operating system 216 that includes procedures for handling        various basic system services and for performing        hardware-dependent tasks;    -   a network communication module 218 that is used for connecting        the client device 102 to other computers via the one or more        communication network interfaces 210 (wired or wireless) and one        or more communication networks 104, such as the Internet, other        WANs, LANs, metropolitan area networks (MANs), etc.;    -   a display module 220 for enabling the information generated by        the operating system 216 and client application(s) 114 to be        presented visually on the display device 206;    -   one or more client application module 104 for handling various        aspects of interacting with the server system 120 (FIG. 1),        including but not limited to:        -   a browser application 224 for requesting information from            the server system 120 (e.g., content items and listings) and            receiving responses from the server system 120; and    -   client data module(s) 230 for storing data relevant to the        clients, including but not limited to:        -   client profile data 232 for storing profile data related to            a user (e.g., user 106) of the server system 120 associated            with the client device 102.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram further illustrating the server system 120, inaccordance with some example embodiments. The server system 120typically includes one or more CPU 302, one or more network interface310, memory 306, and one or more communication bus 308 forinterconnecting these components. Memory 306 includes high-speed randomaccess memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM or other random access solidstate memory devices; and may include non-volatile memory, such as oneor more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices,flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices.Memory 306 may optionally include one or more storage devices remotelylocated from the CPU(s) 302.

Memory 306, or alternately the non-volatile memory device(s) withinmemory 306, comprises a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.In some example embodiments, memory 306, or the computer-readablestorage medium of memory 306, stores the following programs, modules,and data structures, or a subset thereof:

-   -   an operating system 314 that includes procedures for handling        various basic system services and for performing        hardware-dependent tasks;    -   a network communication module 316 that is used for connecting        the server system 120 to other computers via the one or more        communication network interface 310 (wired or wireless) and one        or more communication network 104, such as the Internet, other        WANs, LANs, MANs, and so on;    -   one or more server application module 318 for performing the        services offered by the server system 120, including but not        limited to:        -   a customization system 150 for altering content items based            on the current remaining battery power of the requesting            client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1);        -   a reception module 320 for receiving content item requests            from a client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1);        -   a retrieval module 322 for retrieving content item data from            a content item database based on the content item request;        -   a determination module 324 for determining whether the            content item request includes current remaining battery            power data for the requesting client device (e.g., client            device 102 in FIG. 1);        -   an evaluation module 326 for determining whether the current            remaining battery power data is below a predetermined            threshold;        -   an analysis module 328 for analyzing one or more content            items to identify one or more core content sections of the            one or more content items;        -   a transmission module 330 for transmitting one or more core            content sections of the one or more content items;        -   a storage module 332 for storing content item data in a            database;        -   a content review module 334 for determining one or more core            content sections automatically, based on content analysis            rules; and        -   a power estimation module 336 for determining, based on            received current remaining battery power data, the amount of            power left at a client device (e.g., client device 102 in            FIG. 1); and    -   server data module(s) 340, holding data related to server system        120, including but not limited to:        -   member profile data 342 including both data provided by the            member who will be prompted to provide some personal            information, such as his or her name, age (e.g., birth            date), gender, interests, contact information, home town,            address, educational background (e.g., schools, majors,            etc.), current job title, job description, industry,            employment history, skills, professional organizations,            memberships to other social networks, customers, past            business relationships, and seller preferences; and inferred            member information based on member activity, social graph            data, remaining power threshold value, and so on;        -   request data 344 for storing requests from one or more            client devices (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1);        -   content item data 346 including data for one or more content            items (e.g., videos, posts, images, blogs, and so on); and        -   request metadata 348 for storing metadata received with one            or more content item request.

FIG. 4 depicts a block diagram of an exemplary data structure for acontent item request, in accordance with some example embodiments. Insome example embodiments, a content item request includes a client ID402 value that identifies the specific client device (e.g., clientdevice 102 in FIG. 1) that is the source of the request. In some exampleembodiments, the client ID 402 identifies the existing account of a user(e.g., user 106) on the server system (e.g., server system 120 in FIG.1).

In some example embodiments, the content item request 400 includes anetwork address 404 (e.g., an IP address), which identifies the locationto which the requested content item should be sent.

In some example embodiments, the content item request 400 includesbattery power data 406 that describes the current remaining batterypower data. In some example embodiments, the battery power data 406 isrepresented as a percentage of the maximum power of the battery. Inother example embodiments, the battery power data 406 is represented asa time remaining (e.g., the amount of time the device can continue tofunction based on the current remaining battery power).

In some example embodiments, the content item request 400 includes arequested content identifier 408. The requested content identifier 408identifies one or more content items in the database (e.g., database(s)126) at the server system (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1). In someexample embodiments, the content item request 400 includes the requesttimestamp 410 (e.g., the time that the request was received).

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating a method, in accordance with someexample embodiments, for optimizing communications based on batterypower of a client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1). Each ofthe operations shown in FIG. 5 may correspond to instructions stored ina computer memory or machine-readable storage medium. In someembodiments, the method described in FIG. 5 is performed by a serversystem (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1). However, the methoddescribed can also be performed by any other suitable configuration ofelectronic hardware.

In some embodiments the method is performed at a server system (e.g.,server system 120 in FIG. 1) including one or more processors and memorystoring one or more programs for execution by the one or moreprocessors.

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) receives (502) a content item request from a client device(e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1). In some example embodiments, thecontent item request identifies one or more content items (e.g., text,image, video, interactive media, audio content, item listings, userprofiles, comments, and so on) stored in a database (e.g., database(s)126) at the server system (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1). In someexample embodiments, the requested content items are stored at a thirdparty system (e.g., third party server(s) 130 in FIG. 1).

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) determines (504) whether the content item request includescurrent remaining battery power data for the client device (e.g., clientdevice 102 in FIG. 1). In some example embodiments, the currentremaining battery power data is included as metadata (e.g., as opposedto the main request data) with the content item request.

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) determines (504) that the content item request does notinclude current remaining battery power data for the requesting clientdevice (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1). In response, the serversystem (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1) transmits (512) the contentitems to the requesting client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG.1). Thus, no customization is applied to the requested content itemsbefore they are transmitted to the client device (e.g., client device102 in FIG. 1).

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) determines (504) that the content item request includescurrent remaining battery power data for the originating client device(e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1).

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) determines that the content item request does not includecurrent remaining battery power data or that it includes explicitinstructions from the client system (e.g., client system 102 in FIG. 1)that the requested content should not be altered based on currentremaining battery power data. If no such data is sent with the contentrequest (or if the request includes specific instructions not tocustomize the content based on the battery data) the content is thentransmitted (512) to the user without modification.

In response, the server system (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1)determines (506) whether the current remaining battery power dataassociated with the client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1)indicates a level of remaining power that is below a predeterminedthreshold level. For example, if the current remaining battery powerdata indicates that the client device (e.g., client device 102 inFIG. 1) has 10% of its power left, the server system (e.g., serversystem 120 in FIG. 1) determines that the client device (e.g., clientdevice 102 in FIG. 1) is below the threshold value. In some exampleembodiments, each user can determine their own threshold value. In someexample embodiments, threshold values can be based on specific clientdevices (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) (where a user has more thanone device and would like different threshold values for each).

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) determines that the client device (e.g., client device 102 inFIG. 1) power is not below the threshold value. In response, the serversystem (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1) transmits (512) the requestedcontent items (unaltered) to the client device (e.g., client device 102in FIG. 1).

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) determines (506) that the estimated power remaining at theclient device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) is below thepredetermined threshold value, and the server system (e.g., serversystem 120 in FIG. 1) identifies (508) core content sections in therequested content item(s). For example, a core content section for ablog post might be the plain text (without any images, specialformatting, or comments) of the blog post. In another example, the corecontent section of an image is the lowest available resolution versionof that image.

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) transmits (510) the core content sections to the requestingclient device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1).

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating a method, in accordance with someexample embodiments, for requesting content items from a server systemwhile including current remaining battery power data to customizeservice. Each of the operations shown in FIG. 6 may correspond toinstructions stored in a computer memory or computer-readable storagemedium. In some embodiments, the method described in FIG. 6 is performedby the client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1). However, themethod described can also be performed by any other suitableconfiguration of electronic hardware.

In some embodiments the method is performed at a client device (e.g.,client device 102 in FIG. 1) including one or more processors and memorystoring one or more programs for execution by the one or moreprocessors.

In some example embodiments, the client device (e.g., client device 102in FIG. 1) receives (602) user input selecting one or more content itemsfor presentation at the client device. For example, the user clicks on ahyperlink or button that causes a new webpage to be requested. Theclient device identifies (604) the server system (e.g., server system120 in FIG. 1) that hosts (e.g., stores) the requested one or morecontent items. For example, the IP address associated with a uniformresource locator (URL).

In some example embodiments, the client device (e.g., client device 102in FIG. 1) determines (606) whether the identified server system (e.g.,server system 120 in FIG. 1) is able to customize received content basedon the current remaining battery power of the client device (e.g.,client device 102 in FIG. 1). In some example embodiments, the clientdevice (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) stores a list of serversystems (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1) that have enabled thisfeature. In other example embodiments, the client device sends a queryto the server system to determine its capabilities. In some exampleembodiments, this is determined during the initial handshake (SYN-ACKprocess).

In accordance with a determination (606) that the identified serversystem (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1) does not have the capabilityto respond correctly to current remaining battery power data, the clientdevice (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) merely transmits (610) thecontent item request to the server system (e.g., server system 120 inFIG. 1) without any current remaining battery power data.

In some example embodiments, in accordance with a determination (606)that the server system (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1) has enabledthe capacity to respond correctly to current remaining battery powerdata, the client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) creates(608) a request that includes current remaining battery power data. Insome example embodiments, the request also includes user preferences onthe current remaining battery power threshold. For example, the clientdevice (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) indicates that the serversystem (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1) should not begin to customizecontent until the current remaining battery power drops below 1 hour oftime remaining.

In some example embodiments, the client device (e.g., client device 102in FIG. 1) determines whether it falls below the current remainingbattery power threshold prior to sending the content item request. Ifso, the current remaining battery power data is a Boolean valueindicating that the client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) iseither below the threshold or not.

In some example embodiments, the client device (e.g., client device 102in FIG. 1) receives (612) content from the server system (e.g., serversystem 120 in FIG. 1). In some example embodiments, the received contentare the entire requested content items (e.g., without any modificationsbased on client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) power). Insome example embodiments, the content includes one or more core contentsections, wherein the core content sections are sent in response to adetermination that the client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1)has remaining power below the lower threshold.

In some example embodiments, the received content is presented to theuser (e.g., user 106). In some example embodiments, if core contentsections are received, the client device (e.g., client device 102 inFIG. 1) displays a notification to the user explaining that therequested content has been cut down to preserve power and giving theuser an opportunity to request the full versions. If the user does so, anew content item request is sent that includes explicit instructions tosend the entire content item without any alterations. In other exampleembodiments, the client system (e.g., client system 102 in FIG. 1) cansimply send the content item request without any current remainingbattery power data and the server system (e.g., server system 120 inFIG. 1) will not alter the content item in any way.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method, in accordance with someexample embodiments, for optimizing communications based on batterypower of a client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1). Each ofthe operations shown in FIG. 7 may correspond to instructions stored ina computer memory or computer-readable storage medium. Optionaloperations are indicated by dashed lines (e.g., boxes with dashed-lineborders). In some embodiments, the method described in FIG. 7 isperformed by a server system (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1).However, the method described can also be performed by any othersuitable configuration of electronic hardware.

In some embodiments the method is performed at a server system (e.g.,server system 120 in FIG. 1) including one or more processors and memorystoring one or more programs for execution by the one or moreprocessors.

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) stores (702) content item data for a plurality of contentitems in the content database associated with the server system. In someexample embodiments, the content items are received from users of theserver system. A user who creates a content item can be known as thecreator of the content item.

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) receives (704) a content request from a client device,wherein the content request indicates one or more content items. Forexample, the content request can be a GET request for a specificwebpage. In this case, the specific webpage indicated would be the oneor more content items indicated by the request.

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) retrieves (706) or otherwise accesses the one or morerequested content items from a content database at the server system(e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1). In some example embodiments, thecontent items are actually stored at a third party system, remote fromboth the server system (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1) and theclient device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1). In this case, theserver system sends a request to the third party system. Once therequested content items have been received from the third party system,the server system stores the content item (at least temporarily) foranalysis.

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) determines (708) whether the content request includes currentremaining battery power data for the client device (e.g., client device102 in FIG. 1). In some example embodiments, the current remainingbattery power data is metadata with the content item request. Forexample, the GET request includes a header. That header includes variousmetadata about the request, including, for example, the IP address ofthe sender and, in some cases, the current remaining battery power dataof the client device. If no such data is sent with the content request(or if the request includes specific instructions not to customize thecontent based on the battery data) the content is then sent to the userwithout modification.

In some example embodiments, the client device (e.g., client device 102in FIG. 1) first sends a request to the server system (e.g., serversystem 120 in FIG. 1) to determine whether the server system is capableof handling current remaining battery power data correctly. If theserver system is running software able to check for, and respondcorrectly to, current remaining battery power data, the server systemresponds indicating that the server system is able to process currentremaining battery power data.

In some example embodiments, in accordance with a determination that thecontent request does not include current remaining battery power data,the requested content items are transmitted (710) to the client device(e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1). For example, the server system(e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1) scans the data included in thecontent item request. If no current remaining battery power data isfound, the server system (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1) cannotestimate the client device's (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) currentbattery power and thus sends the full requested content items.

In some example embodiments, in response to determining that the contentrequest includes current remaining battery power data for the clientdevice (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1), the server system (e.g.,server system 120 in FIG. 1) determines (712) whether the currentremaining battery power is below a predetermined threshold. For example,the current remaining battery power data included in the content itemrequest indicates that the client device (e.g., client device 102 inFIG. 1) has three percent of total battery life left. The server system(e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1) compares that amount to thepredetermined threshold of five percent and determines that the clientdevice is below the predetermined threshold.

In some example embodiments, the current remaining battery power datadescribes a percentage of total battery power. For example, the currentremaining battery power data for a client device (e.g., client device102 in FIG. 1) is 50%. In some example embodiments, the currentremaining battery power data describes a total time of operation leftbased on current energy consumption levels. In this case, the currentremaining battery power data is listed as an amount of time such as 5minutes or 2.5 hours.

In some example embodiments, the current remaining battery power data isa simple binary or Boolean value indicating the client device's (e.g.,client device 102 in FIG. 1) own determination that the currentremaining battery power has dropped below a predetermined threshold.Thus, the current remaining battery power data would listPowerBelowThreshold=True or PowerBelowThreshold=False.

In some example embodiments, the current remaining battery power dataincludes a measure of the charge of the power left in the battery (e.g.,using ampere-hours) and the server system (e.g., server system 120 inFIG. 1) uses that information to calculate a percentage or a time. Insome example embodiments, the client device (e.g., client device 102 inFIG. 1) transmits the total power capacity of the battery and/or therate at which power is being used (or is expected to be used) to theserver system for the server system to use in calculating whether theclient device is below the threshold value.

In some example embodiments, the predetermined threshold value is setbased on the preferences of the client device (e.g., client device 102in FIG. 1) making the request. Thus, the predetermined threshold valueis set based on data received from the client device. For example,client A is using their device a home, where a charger is easilyaccessible and thus has a very low threshold value (e.g., 1%). Anotherclient, client B, is using a mobile device on public transportation and,not wanting to run out of battery life, sets a relatively high thresholdvalue (e.g., 25%/o). Indeed, a user with more than one client device(e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) can set up different profiles foreach different device.

In some example embodiments, in response to determining that the currentremaining battery power is below a predetermined threshold, the serversystem (e.g., server system 120 in FIG. 1) analyzes (714), using aprocessor of a machine, the one or more requested content items todetermine core content sections.

In some example embodiments, the core content sections are designated bythe creator of the content item. Thus, when the content item is saved inthe content data database it includes one or more designated “corecontent sections.” Core content sections include the content consideredthe most important to the content item. Thus, for example, if thecontent item is a music video, the sound track (e.g., the music) wouldbe considered the core content. In other example embodiments, a lowerbitrate version of the song may be considered core content.

In some example embodiments, the core content sections are automaticallyidentified based on content identification rules. In some exampleembodiments, content identification rules distinguish advertisementsfrom core content such that advertisements may be excluded based onbattery level. In other example embodiments, lower resolution videos andimages are core content and may be transmitted if the current remainingbattery power for a client device is too low.

In some example embodiments, there are multiple levels of importance forsections of a content item. In this case, the server system (e.g.,server system 120 in FIG. 1) can select from a plurality of levels ofimportance when selecting core content sections. In some exampleembodiments, if the current remaining battery power for a client device(e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) is very low, only the most importantsections are sent. However, if the battery power is low but notcritically low, medium level content may still be transmitted.

In some example embodiments, the content item request includes datadescribing which of a plurality of power levels of the client device(e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1) is current, and only those contentsections with that level of importance are actually transmitted.

In some example embodiments, the server system (e.g., server system 120in FIG. 1) then transmits (716) the determined core content sections tothe client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1). In some exampleembodiments, the transmitted content item or core content sections arethen presented at the client device (e.g., client device 102 in FIG. 1).

Modules, Components, and Logic

Certain embodiments are described herein as including logic or a numberof components, modules, or mechanisms. Modules may constitute eithersoftware modules (e.g., code embodied on a machine-readable medium) orhardware modules. A “hardware module” is a tangible unit capable ofperforming certain operations and may be configured or arranged in acertain physical manner. In various example embodiments, one or morecomputer systems (e.g., a standalone computer system, a client computersystem, or a server computer system) or one or more hardware modules ofa computer system (e.g., a processor or a group of processors) may beconfigured by software (e.g., an application or application portion) asa hardware module that operates to perform certain operations asdescribed herein.

In some embodiments, a hardware module may be implemented mechanically,electronically, or any suitable combination thereof. For example, ahardware module may include dedicated circuitry or logic that ispermanently configured to perform certain operations. For example, ahardware module may be a special-purpose processor, such as aField-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or an Application SpecificIntegrated Circuit (ASIC). A hardware module may also includeprogrammable logic or circuitry that is temporarily configured bysoftware to perform certain operations. For example, a hardware modulemay include software executed by a general-purpose processor or otherprogrammable processor. Once configured by such software, hardwaremodules become specific machines (or specific components of a machine)uniquely tailored to perform the configured functions and are no longergeneral-purpose processors. It will be appreciated that the decision toimplement a hardware module mechanically, in dedicated and permanentlyconfigured circuitry, or in temporarily configured circuitry (e.g.,configured by software) may be driven by cost and time considerations.

Accordingly, the phrase “hardware module” should be understood toencompass a tangible entity, be that an entity that is physicallyconstructed, permanently configured (e.g., hardwired), or temporarilyconfigured (e.g., programmed) to operate in a certain manner or toperform certain operations described herein. As used herein,“hardware-implemented module” refers to a hardware module. Consideringembodiments in which hardware modules are temporarily configured (e.g.,programmed), each of the hardware modules need not be configured orinstantiated at any one instance in time. For example, where a hardwaremodule comprises a general-purpose processor configured by software tobecome a special-purpose processor, the general-purpose processor may beconfigured as respectively different special-purpose processors (e.g.,comprising different hardware modules) at different times. Softwareaccordingly configures a particular processor or processors, forexample, to constitute a particular hardware module at one instance oftime and to constitute a different hardware module at a differentinstance of time.

Hardware modules can provide information to, and receive informationfrom, other hardware modules. Accordingly, the described hardwaremodules may be regarded as being communicatively coupled. Where multiplehardware modules exist contemporaneously, communications may be achievedthrough signal transmission (e.g., over appropriate circuits and buses)between or among two or more of the hardware modules. In embodiments inwhich multiple hardware modules are configured or instantiated atdifferent times, communications between such hardware modules may beachieved, for example, through the storage and retrieval of informationin memory structures to which the multiple hardware modules have access.For example, one hardware module may perform an operation and store theoutput of that operation in a memory device to which it iscommunicatively coupled. A further hardware module may then, at a latertime, access the memory device to retrieve and process the storedoutput. Hardware modules may also initiate communications with input oroutput devices, and can operate on a resource (e.g., a collection ofinformation).

The various operations of example methods described herein may beperformed, at least partially, by one or more processors that aretemporarily configured (e.g., by software) or permanently configured toperform the relevant operations. Whether temporarily or permanentlyconfigured, such processors may constitute processor-implemented modulesthat operate to perform one or more operations or functions describedherein. As used herein, “processor-implemented module” refers to ahardware module implemented using one or more processors.

Similarly, the methods described herein may be at least partiallyprocessor-implemented, with a particular processor or processors beingan example of hardware. For example, at least some of the operations ofa method may be performed by one or more processors orprocessor-implemented modules. Moreover, the one or more processors mayalso operate to support performance of the relevant operations in a“cloud computing” environment or as a “software as a service” (SaaS).For example, at least some of the operations may be performed by a groupof computers (as examples of machines including processors), with theseoperations being accessible via a network (e.g., the Internet) and viaone or more appropriate interfaces (e.g., an Application ProgramInterface (API)).

The performance of certain of the operations may be distributed amongthe processors, not only residing within a single machine, but deployedacross a number of machines. In some example embodiments, the processorsor processor-implemented modules may be located in a single geographiclocation (e.g., within a home environment, an office environment, or aserver farm). In other example embodiments, the processors orprocessor-implemented modules may be distributed across a number ofgeographic locations.

Machine and Software Architecture

The modules, methods, applications and so forth described in conjunctionwith FIGS. 5-7 are implemented in some embodiments in the context of amachine and an associated software architecture. The sections belowdescribe representative software architecture(s) and machine (e.g.,hardware) architecture that are suitable for use with the disclosedembodiments.

Software architectures are used in conjunction with hardwarearchitectures to create devices and machines tailored to particularpurposes. For example, a particular hardware architecture coupled with aparticular software architecture will create a mobile device, such as amobile phone, tablet device, or so forth. A slightly different hardwareand software architecture may yield a smart device for use in the“internet of things,” while yet another combination produces a servercomputer for use within a cloud computing architecture. Not allcombinations of such software and hardware architectures are presentedhere as those of skill in the art can readily understand how toimplement the inventive subject matter in different contexts from thedisclosure contained herein.

Software Architecture

FIG. 8 is a block diagram 800 illustrating a representative softwarearchitecture 802, which may be used in conjunction with various hardwarearchitectures herein described. FIG. 8 is merely a non-limiting exampleof a software architecture 802 and it will be appreciated that manyother architectures may be implemented to facilitate the functionalitydescribed herein. The software architecture 802 may be executing onhardware such as machine 900 of FIG. 9 that includes, among otherthings, processors 910, memory/storage 930, and I/O components 950. Arepresentative hardware layer 804 is illustrated and can represent, forexample, the machine 900 of FIG. 9. The representative hardware layer804 comprises one or more processing units 806 having associatedexecutable instructions 808. Executable instructions 808 represent theexecutable instructions of the software architecture 802, includingimplementation of the methods, modules and so forth of FIGS. 5-7.Hardware layer 804 also includes memory and/or storage modules 810,which also have executable instructions 808. Hardware layer 804 may alsocomprise other hardware 812, which represents any other hardware of thehardware layer 804, such as the other hardware illustrated as part ofmachine 900.

In the example architecture of FIG. 8, the software architecture 802 maybe conceptualized as a stack of layers where each layer providesparticular functionality. For example, the software architecture 802 mayinclude layers such as an operating system 814, libraries 816,frameworks/middleware 818, applications 820 and presentation layer 844.Operationally, the applications 820 and/or other components within thelayers may invoke application programming interface (API) calls 824through the software stack and receive a response, returned values, andso forth illustrated as messages 826 in response to the API calls 824.The layers illustrated are representative in nature and not all softwarearchitectures have all layers. For example, some mobile or specialpurpose operating systems may not provide a frameworks/middleware 818,while others may provide such a layer. Other software architectures mayinclude additional or different layers.

The operating system 814 may manage hardware resources and providecommon services. The operating system 814 may include, for example, akernel 828, services 830, and drivers 832. The kernel 828 may act as anabstraction layer between the hardware and the other software layers.For example, the kernel 828 may be responsible for memory management,processor management (e.g., scheduling), component management,networking, security settings, and so on. The services 830 may provideother common services for the other software layers. The drivers 832 maybe responsible for controlling or interfacing with the underlyinghardware. For instance, the drivers 832 may include display drivers,camera drivers, Bluetooth® drivers, flash memory drivers, serialcommunication drivers (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB) drivers), Wi-Fi®drivers, audio drivers, power management drivers, and so forth dependingon the hardware configuration.

The libraries 816 may provide a common infrastructure that may beutilized by the applications 820 and/or other components and/or layers.The libraries 816 typically provide functionality that allows othersoftware modules to perform tasks in an easier fashion than to interfacedirectly with the underlying operating system 814 functionality (e.g.,kernel 828, services 830 and/or drivers 832). The libraries 816 mayinclude system libraries 834 (e.g., C standard library) that may providefunctions such as memory allocation functions, string manipulationfunctions, mathematic functions, and the like. In addition, thelibraries 816 may include API libraries 836 such as media libraries(e.g., libraries to support presentation and manipulation of variousmedia format such as MPREG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG), graphicslibraries (e.g., an OpenGL framework that may be used to render 2D and3D in a graphic content on a display), database libraries (e.g., SQLitethat may provide various relational database functions), web libraries(e.g., WebKit that may provide web browsing functionality), and thelike. The libraries 816 may also include a wide variety of otherlibraries 838 to provide many other APIs to the applications 820 andother software components/modules.

The frameworks/middleware 818 (also sometimes referred to as middleware)may provide a higher-level common infrastructure that may be utilized bythe applications 820 and/or other software components/modules. Forexample, the frameworks/middleware 818 may provide various graphic userinterface (GUI) functions, high-level resource management, high-levellocation services, and so forth. The frameworks/middleware 818 mayprovide a broad spectrum of other APIs that may be utilized by theapplications 820 and/or other software components/modules, some of whichmay be specific to a particular operating system or platform.

The applications 820 include built-in applications 840 and/or thirdparty applications 842. Examples of representative built-in applications840 may include, but are not limited to, a contacts application, abrowser application, a book reader application, a location application,a media application, a messaging application, and/or a game application.Third party applications 842 may include any of the built inapplications 840 as well as a broad assortment of other applications. Ina specific example, the third party application 842 (e.g., anapplication developed using the Android™ or iOS™ software developmentkit (SDK) by an entity other than the vendor of the particular platform)may be mobile software running on a mobile operating system such asiOS™, Android™, Windows Phone, or other mobile operating systems. Inthis example, the third party application 842 may invoke the API calls824 provided by the mobile operating system such as operating system 814to facilitate functionality described herein.

The applications 820 may utilize built-in operating system functions(e.g., kernel 828, services 830 and/or drivers 832), libraries (e.g.,system libraries 834, API libraries 836, and other libraries 838),frameworks/middleware 818 to create user interfaces to interact withusers of the system. Alternatively, or additionally, in some systems,interactions with a user may occur through a presentation layer, such aspresentation layer 844. In these systems, the application/module “logic”can be separated from the aspects of the application/module thatinteract with a user.

Some software architectures utilize virtual machines. In the example ofFIG. 8, this is illustrated by virtual machine 848. A virtual machinecreates a software environment where applications/modules can execute asif they were executing on a hardware machine (such as the machine ofFIG. 9, for example). A virtual machine is hosted by a host operatingsystem (operating system 814 in FIG. 8) and typically, although notalways, has a virtual machine monitor 846, which manages the operationof the virtual machine 848 as well as the interface with the hostoperating system (i.e., operating system 814). A software architectureexecutes within the virtual machine 848 such as an operating system 850,libraries 852, frameworks 854, applications 856 and/or presentationlayer 858. These layers of software architecture executing within thevirtual machine 848 can be the same as corresponding layers previouslydescribed or may be different.

Example Machine Architecture and Machine-Readable Medium

FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating components of a machine 900,according to some example embodiments, able to read instructions from amachine-readable medium (e.g., a machine-readable storage medium) andperform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein.Specifically, FIG. 9 shows a diagrammatic representation of the machine900 in the example form of a computer system, within which instructions916 (e.g., software, a program, an application, an applet, an app, orother executable code) for causing the machine 900 to perform any one ormore of the methodologies discussed herein may be executed. For examplethe instructions 916 may cause the machine 900 to execute the flowdiagrams of FIGS. 5-7. The instructions 916 transform the general,non-programmed machine 900 into a particular machine programmed to carryout the described and illustrated functions in the manner described. Inalternative embodiments, the machine 900 operates as a standalone deviceor may be coupled (e.g., networked) to other machines. In a networkeddeployment, the machine 900 may operate in the capacity of a servermachine or a client machine in a server-client network environment, oras a peer machine in a peer-to-peer (or distributed) networkenvironment. The machine 900 may comprise, but not be limited to, aserver computer, a client computer, a personal computer (PC), a tabletcomputer, a laptop computer, a netbook, a set-top box (STB), a personaldigital assistant (PDA), an entertainment media system, a cellulartelephone, a smart phone, a mobile device, a wearable device (e.g., asmart watch), a smart home device (e.g., a smart appliance), other smartdevices, a web appliance, a network router, a network switch, a networkbridge, or any machine capable of executing the instructions 916,sequentially or otherwise, that specify actions to be taken by machine900. Further, while only a single machine 900 is illustrated, the term“machine” shall also be taken to include a collection of machines 900that individually or jointly execute the instructions 916 to perform anyone or more of the methodologies discussed herein.

The machine 900 may include processors 910, memory/storage 930, and I/Ocomponents 950, which may be configured to communicate with each othersuch as via a bus 902. In an example embodiment, the processors 910(e.g., a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Reduced Instruction SetComputing (RISC) processor, a Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC)processor, a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a Digital Signal Processor(DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), aRadio-Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC), another processor, or anysuitable combination thereof) may include, for example, processor 912and processor 914 that may execute instructions 916. The term“processor” is intended to include multi-core processor that maycomprise two or more independent processors (sometimes referred to as“cores”) that may execute instructions 916 contemporaneously. AlthoughFIG. 9 shows multiple processors 910, the machine 900 may include asingle processor with a single core, a single processor with multiplecores (e.g., a multi-core process), multiple processors with a singlecore, multiple processors with multiples cores, or any combinationthereof.

The memory/storage 930 may include a memory 932, such as a main memory,or other memory storage, and a storage unit 936, both accessible to theprocessors 910 such as via the bus 902. The storage unit 936 and memory932 store the instructions 916 embodying any one or more of themethodologies or functions described herein. The instructions 916 mayalso reside, completely or partially, within the memory 932, within thestorage unit 936, within at least one of the processors 910 (e.g.,within the processor's cache memory), or any suitable combinationthereof, during execution thereof by the machine 900. Accordingly, thememory 932, the storage unit 936, and the memory of processors 910 areexamples of machine-readable media.

As used herein, “machine-readable medium” means a device able to storeinstructions and data temporarily or permanently and may include, but isnot be limited to, random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM),buffer memory, flash memory, optical media, magnetic media, cachememory, other types of storage (e.g., Erasable Programmable Read-OnlyMemory (EEPROM)) and/or any suitable combination thereof. The term“machine-readable medium” should be taken to include a single medium ormultiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, orassociated caches and servers) able to store instructions 916. The term“machine-readable medium” shall also be taken to include any medium, orcombination of multiple media, that is capable of storing instructions(e.g., instructions 916) for execution by a machine (e.g., machine 900),such that the instructions, when executed by one or more processors ofthe machine 900 (e.g., processors 910), cause the machine 900 to performany one or more of the methodologies described herein. Accordingly, a“machine-readable medium” refers to a single storage apparatus ordevice, as well as “cloud-based” storage systems or storage networksthat include multiple storage apparatus or devices. The term“machine-readable medium” excludes signals per se.

The I/O components 950 may include a wide variety of components toreceive input, provide output, produce output, transmit information,exchange information, capture measurements, and so on. The specific I/Ocomponents 950 that are included in a particular machine will depend onthe type of machine. For example, portable machines such as mobilephones will likely include a touch input device or other such inputmechanisms, while a headless server machine will likely not include sucha touch input device. It will be appreciated that the I/O components 950may include many other components that are not shown in FIG. 9. The I/Ocomponents 950 are grouped according to functionality merely forsimplifying the following discussion and the grouping is in no waylimiting. In various example embodiments, the I/O components 950 mayinclude output components 952 and input components 954. The outputcomponents 952 may include visual components (e.g., a display such as aplasma display panel (PDP), a light emitting diode (LED) display, aliquid crystal display (LCD), a projector, or a cathode ray tube (CRT)),acoustic components (e.g., speakers), haptic components (e.g., avibratory motor, resistance mechanisms), other signal generators, and soforth. The input components 954 may include alphanumeric inputcomponents (e.g., a keyboard, a touch screen configured to receivealphanumeric input, a photo-optical keyboard, or other alphanumericinput components), point based input components (e.g., a mouse, atouchpad, a trackball, a joystick, a motion sensor, or other pointinginstrument), tactile input components (e.g., a physical button, a touchscreen that provides location and/or force of touches or touch gestures,or other tactile input components), audio input components (e.g., amicrophone), and the like.

In further example embodiments, the I/O components 950 may includebiometric components 956, motion components 958, environmentalcomponents 960, or position components 962 among a wide array of othercomponents. For example, the biometric components 956 may includecomponents to detect expressions (e.g., hand expressions, facialexpressions, vocal expressions, body gestures, or eye tracking), measurebiosignals (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature,perspiration, or brain waves), identify a person (e.g., voiceidentification, retinal identification, facial identification,fingerprint identification, or electroencephalogram basedidentification), and the like. The motion components 958 may includeacceleration sensor components (e.g., accelerometer), gravitation sensorcomponents, rotation sensor components (e.g., gyroscope), and so forth.The environmental components 960 may include, for example, illuminationsensor components (e.g., photometer), temperature sensor components(e.g., one or more thermometer that detect ambient temperature),humidity sensor components, pressure sensor components (e.g.,barometer), acoustic sensor components (e.g., one or more microphonesthat detect background noise), proximity sensor components (e.g.,infrared sensors that detect nearby objects), gas sensors (e.g., gasdetection sensors to detection concentrations of hazardous gases forsafety or to measure pollutants in the atmosphere), or other componentsthat may provide indications, measurements, or signals corresponding toa surrounding physical environment. The position components 962 mayinclude location sensor components (e.g., a Global Position System (GPS)receiver component), altitude sensor components (e.g., altimeters orbarometers that detect air pressure from which altitude may be derived),orientation sensor components (e.g., magnetometers), and the like.

Communication may be implemented using a wide variety of technologies.The I/O components 950 may include communication components 964 operableto couple the machine 900 to a network 980 or devices 970 via coupling982 and coupling 972 respectively. For example, the communicationcomponents 964 may include a network interface component or othersuitable device to interface with the network 980. In further examples,communication components 964 may include wired communication components,wireless communication components, cellular communication components,Near Field Communication (NFC) components, Bluetooth® components (e.g.,Bluetooth® Low Energy), Wi-Fi® components, and other communicationcomponents to provide communication via other modalities. The devices970 may be another machine or any of a wide variety of peripheraldevices (e.g., a peripheral device coupled via a Universal Serial Bus(USB)).

Moreover, the communication components 964 may detect identifiers orinclude components operable to detect identifiers. For example, thecommunication components 964 may include Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) tag reader components, NFC smart tag detection components,optical reader components (e.g., an optical sensor to detectone-dimensional bar codes such as Universal Product Code (UPC) bar code,multi-dimensional bar codes such as Quick Response (QR) code, Azteccode, Data Matrix, Dataglyph, MaxiCode, PDF417, Ultra Code, UCC RSS-2Dbar code, and other optical codes), or acoustic detection components(e.g., microphones to identify tagged audio signals). In addition, avariety of information may be derived via the communication components964, such as, location via Internet Protocol (IP) geo-location, locationvia Wi-Fi® signal triangulation, location via detecting an NFC beaconsignal that may indicate a particular location, and so forth.

Transmission Medium

In various example embodiments, one or more portions of the network 980may be an ad hoc network, an intranet, an extranet, a virtual privatenetwork (VPN), a local area network (LAN), a wireless LAN (WLAN), a widearea network (WAN), a wireless WAN (WWAN), a metropolitan area network(MAN), the Internet, a portion of the Internet, a portion of the PublicSwitched Telephone Network (PSTN), a plain old telephone service (POTS)network, a cellular telephone network, a wireless network, a Wi-Fi®network, another type of network, or a combination of two or more suchnetworks. For example, the network 980 or a portion of the network 980may include a wireless or cellular network and the coupling 982 may be aCode Division Multiple Access (CDMA) connection, a Global System forMobile communications (GSM) connection, or other type of cellular orwireless coupling. In this example, the coupling 982 may implement anyof a variety of types of data transfer technology, such as SingleCarrier Radio Transmission Technology (1×RTT), Evolution-Data Optimized(EVDO) technology, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) technology,Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) technology, thirdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP) including 3G, fourth generationwireless (4G) networks, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System(UMTS). High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), Worldwide Interoperability forMicrowave Access (WiMAX), Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard, othersdefined by various standard setting organizations, other long rangeprotocols, or other data transfer technology.

The instructions 916 may be transmitted or received over the network 980using a transmission medium via a network interface device (e.g., anetwork interface component included in the communication components964) and utilizing any one of a number of well-known transfer protocols(e.g., hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)). Similarly, the instructions916 may be transmitted or received using a transmission medium via thecoupling 972 (e.g., a peer-to-peer coupling) to devices 970. The term“transmission medium” shall be taken to include any intangible mediumthat is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying instructions 916 forexecution by the machine 900, and includes digital or analogcommunications signals or other intangible medium to facilitatecommunication of such software.

Language

Throughout this specification, plural instances may implementcomponents, operations, or structures described as a single instance.Although individual operations of one or more methods are illustratedand described as separate operations, one or more of the individualoperations may be performed concurrently, and nothing requires that theoperations be performed in the order illustrated. Structures andfunctionality presented as separate components in example configurationsmay be implemented as a combined structure or component. Similarly,structures and functionality presented as a single component may beimplemented as separate components. These and other variations,modifications, additions, and improvements fall within the scope of thesubject matter herein.

Although an overview of the inventive subject matter has been describedwith reference to specific example embodiments, various modificationsand changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from thebroader scope of embodiments of the present disclosure. Such embodimentsof the inventive subject matter may be referred to herein, individuallyor collectively, by the term “invention” merely for convenience andwithout intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application toany single disclosure or inventive concept if more than one is, in fact,disclosed.

The embodiments illustrated herein are described in sufficient detail toenable those skilled in the art to practice the teachings disclosed.Other embodiments may be used and derived therefrom, such thatstructural and logical substitutions and changes may be made withoutdeparting from the scope of this disclosure. The Detailed Description,therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope ofvarious embodiments is defined only by the appended claims, along withthe full range of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

As used herein, the term “or” may be construed in either an inclusive orexclusive sense. Moreover, plural instances may be provided forresources, operations, or structures described herein as a singleinstance. Additionally, boundaries between various resources,operations, modules, engines, and data stores are somewhat arbitrary,and particular operations are illustrated in a context of specificillustrative configurations. Other allocations of functionality areenvisioned and may fall within a scope of various embodiments of thepresent disclosure. In general, structures and functionality presentedas separate resources in the example configurations may be implementedas a combined structure or resource. Similarly, structures andfunctionality presented as a single resource may be implemented asseparate resources. These and other variations, modifications,additions, and improvements fall within a scope of embodiments of thepresent disclosure as represented by the appended claims. Thespecification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in anillustrative rather than a restrictive sense.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system comprising: one or more processors of amachine; a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storinginstructions that, when executed by the one or more processors of themachine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: receiving acontent request from a client device, the content request indicating oneor more content items, each of the one or more content items having aset of content sections; retrieving a first portion of the one or morerequested content items from a content database at the system;retrieving a second portion of the one or more requested content itemsfrom a third party system; determining whether the content requestincludes current remaining battery power data for the client device, thecurrent remaining battery power data indicating a current remainingbattery power of the client device; in response to determining that thecontent request includes the current remaining battery power data forthe client device, determining whether the current remaining batterypower is below a predetermined threshold; in response to determiningthat the current remaining battery power is below the predeterminedthreshold, analyze analyzing the one or more requested content items toidentify a subset of the set of content sections of each of the one ormore content items that are core content sections; and transmitting, tothe client device, only the subset of the set of content sections ofeach of the one or more content items identified as being the corecontent sections.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the operationsfurther comprise: storing content item data for a plurality of contentitems in the content database associated with the system.
 3. The systemof claim 1, further comprising, in accordance with a determination thatthe content request does not include the current remaining battery powerdata, transmitting the requested content items to the client device. 4.The system of claim 1, wherein the current remaining battery power datais included as metadata with the content item request.
 5. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the core content sections are designated by a creatorof a respective content item.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the corecontent sections are automatically identified based on contentidentification rules.
 7. The system of claim 1, wherein thepredetermined threshold value is set based on data received from theclient device.
 8. A method comprising: receiving a content request froma client device, the content request indicating one or more contentitems, each of the one or more content items having a set of contentsections; retrieving a first portion of the one or more requestedcontent items from a content database; retrieving a second portion ofthe one or more requested content items from a third party system;determining, using a processor of a machine, whether the content requestincludes current remaining battery power data for the client device, thecurrent remaining battery power data indicating a current remainingbattery power of the client device; in response to determining that thecontent request includes the current remaining battery power data forthe client device, determining, using the processor of the machine,whether the current remaining battery power is below a predeterminedthreshold; in response to determining that the current remaining batterypower is below the predetermined threshold, analyzing, using theprocessor of the machine, the one or more requested content items toidentify a subset of the set of content sections of each of the one ormore content items that are core content sections; and transmitting, tothe client device, only the subset of the set of content sections ofeach of the one or more content items identified as being the corecontent sections.
 9. The method of claim 8 further comprising: storingcontent item data for a plurality of content items in the contentdatabase.
 10. The method of claim 8, further comprising, in accordancewith a determination that the content request does not include thecurrent remaining battery power data, transmitting the requested contentitems to the client device.
 11. The method of claim 8, furthercomprising, in accordance with a determination that the currentremaining battery power is above the predetermined threshold,transmitting the requested content items to the client device.
 12. Themethod of claim 8, wherein the current remaining battery power data isincluded as metadata with the content item request.
 13. The method ofclaim 8, wherein the core content sections are designated by a creatorof a content item.
 14. The method of claim 8, wherein the core contentsections are automatically identified based on content identificationrules.
 15. The method of claim 8, wherein the predetermined thresholdvalue is set based on data received from the client device.
 16. Anon-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructionsthat, when executed by one or more processors of a machine, cause themachine to perform operations comprising: receiving, at a server, acontent request from a client device, the content request indicating oneor more content items, each of the one or more content items having aset of content sections; retrieving a first portion of the one or morerequested content items from a content database; retrieving a secondportion of the one or more requested content items from a third partysystem; determining, using a processor of a machine, whether the contentrequest includes current remaining battery power data for the clientdevice, the current remaining battery power data indicating a currentremaining battery power of the client device; in response to determiningthat the content request includes the current remaining battery powerdata for the client device, determining, using the processor of themachine, whether the current remaining battery power is below apredetermined threshold; in response to determining that the currentremaining battery power is below the predetermined threshold, analyzing,using the processor of the machine, the one or more requested contentitems to identify a subset of the set of content sections of each of theone or more content items that are core content sections; andtransmitting, from the server to the client device, only the subset ofthe set of content sections of each of the one or more content itemsidentified as being the core content sections.
 17. The non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium of claim 16 further comprising: storingcontent item data for a plurality of content items in the contentdatabase.
 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 16, further comprising, in accordance with a determination thatthe content request does not include the current remaining battery powerdata, transmitting the requested content items to the client device. 19.The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, furthercomprising, in accordance with a determination that the currentremaining battery power is above the predetermined threshold,transmitting the requested content items to the client device.